Universities are in trouble, having lost a sense of what they are about in the post-internet world. They basically form two functions these days: slightly upscale vocational training for the masses, and finishing schools for networking by the children of the elite.
Since education is now a business, the Ph.D.s are basically either stars or adjuncts. Adjucts get the bulk of the teaching done but work at near minimum wage levels, once you factor in how much time it takes to prep lectures and grade student materials. Understandably, many adjuncts cut corners because the per hour pay is so miserable otherwise, although many do try to keep up some quality out of love of teaching or the need to be invited back
Stars teach a few courses so that students apply and pay for the university, dreaming of all the knowledge they will aquire from the stars, but mostly they research and teach one course a semester to prove that it is possible to learn from them and work on the research and publications that give them star status.
Tenure is expensive and constraining on budgets for administrators, so universities do not want to give it out. If Administrators had their way, all professors would be adjuncts, though they would not admit that in polite company.
Nonetheless, ratios of tenured faculty to students are important for rankings, and administrators do care very much about this, so there are a certain number of tenured slots that do open up in recognition of the fact that too many adjuncts looks bad, but gosh, they sure are cheap compared to a regular professor, and they are easy to dismiss, except when in the middle of a semester or quarter.
University administrators don’t really know how to measure promise or importance, except perhaps in truly exceptional cases. What they do know is that they have a bunch of senior tenured white males that they can’t fire, and a bunch of critics complaining that there are not enough women/minorities/gay/transsexual/disabled/etc. professors with tenure. So, given that it’s a high priority to improve the diversity ratings, and they don’t want to open any tenure-track jobs if they don’t absolutely have to, you had better be exremely obviously a star in your field if you are not a “diversifier,” because they already have too many white men that they can’t fire.
Now, if you don’t care what part of the country you live in, it’s likely that you may find a position that couldn’t locate a diversifier and has a need for staff or may hire because if they don’t use the budget allocation for a professor, they are likley to lose it. However, realize that you will just have to go wherever the job is, and if they aren’t interested in what you specialized in, then, you’re SOL.
On the other hand, if you are a diversifier, it’s a lot better for you. I had dinner with one woman who was hired by a Women’s Studies department that was expanding. Her work and dissertation had nothing to do with women’s studies (it was on the history of labor union organizing in Peru or something like that), but it turned out that being a woman and having a completed dissertation was enough to get her hired. I’m sure she was perfectly able to become a fine professor of women’s studies, but it is indeed frustrating to know that someone like me could never expect to find that kind of accommodation, whether in Women’s Studies or any other department, and I’m not willing to change either my sex or sexual orientation to do so.
Nonetheless, even if you do make it to a university, public universities and anything that isn’t a super-brand like the Ivys and Stanford and such are facing constant budget cuts. Professors’ salaries are not the major thing that is pushing the costs of higher education up.
All that said, if you can land a tenured professor position, it is one of the nicest work-life balances that exists in the world, and with a reasonable amount of respect from pretty much everyone, except for financiers.